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History of Psychotherapy

Treatment of emotional or psychological problems can be traced to antiquity. The ancient Greeks were the first to identify mental illness as a medical condition, rather than a sign of malevolent deities. While their understanding of the nature of the mental illness was not always correct (e.g., they believed that hysteria affected only women, due to a wandering uterus), and their treatments rather unusual (e.g., bathing for depression, blood-letting for psychosis), they did recognize the treatment value of encouraging and consoling words.

With the fall of the Roman Empire, the Middle Ages saw the return of a belief in the supernatural as a cause for mental illness and the use of torture…

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 History of Psychotherapy

Treatment of emotional or psychological problems can be traced to antiquity. The ancient Greeks were the first to identify mental illness as a medical condition, rather than a sign of malevolent deities.

Psi Chi

Psi Chi is an international honor society whose purpose shall be to encourage, stimulate, and maintain excellence in scholarship of the individual members in all fields, particularly in psychology, and to advance the science of psychology.

Alliance for Organizational Psychology

Welcome to the Alliance for Organizational Psychology, a federation of Work, Industrial, and Organizational Psychology societies from around the world. The Alliance has been established by the Organizational Psychology Division of the International Association for Applied Psychology (Division 1), the European Association for Work and Organizational Psychology (EAWOP), and the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP).

Association for Psychological Science

The Association's mission is to promote, protect, and advance the interests of scientifically oriented psychology in research, application, teaching, and the improvement of human welfare.

International Association of Applied Psychology

The International Association of Applied Psychology is the oldest international association of psychologists. Its official languages are English and French. Its mission is succinctly stated in Article 1 of its Constitution: "...to promote the science and practice of applied psychology and to facilitate interaction and communication about applied psychology around the world."

International Council of Psychologists

ICP is committed to furthering world peace, promoting human rights and promoting collaboration among mental health professionals and social scientists, globally.

International Society for Comparative Psychology

The ICP was founded in 1980 and held its first meeting in 1983. The ISCP -Promotes the comparative study of behavior in human and nonhuman animals -Sponsors a biennial meeting -Publishes the scientific journal the International Journal of Comparative Psychology (IJCP). The ISCP is an affiliate of the International Union of Psychological Sciences.

International Society of Political Psychology

Throughout its history, the ISPP has offered encouragement to those who actively engaged in a wide spectrum of disciplinary approaches to political psychology. We seek to bring together all who share our interest from all regions of the world.

International Union of Psychological Science

The IUPsyS works to promote "the development, representation and advancement of psychology as a basic and applied science nationally, regionally, and internationally" (Article 5, IUPsyS Statutes). It represents psychology in its full breadth as a science and as a profession.

International Union of Psychological Sciences.

The mission of IUPS is to foster the study of physiology worldwide. Our vision is that the IUPS will work with physiological societies and other organizations worldwide to facilitate initiatives that strengthen the discipline of physiology.

National Academy of Neuropsychology

The National Academy of Neuropsychology (NAN) is a non-profit professional membership association for experts in the assessment and treatment of brain injuries and disorders. NAN members work in the most prestigious universities, hospitals and private practices throughout the world and are at the forefront of cutting-edge research and rehabilitation in the field of brain behavior relationships.

Psychology Postgraduate Affairs Group

PsyPAG is a national organisation for all psychology postgraduates based at UK Institutions. Funded by the Research Board of the British Psychological Society, PsyPAG is run on a voluntary basis by postgraduates for postgraduates.

Psychoneuroimmunology Research Society

The Psychoneuroimmunology Research Society is an international organization for researchers in a number of scientific and medical disciplines including psychology, neurosciences, immunology, pharmacology, psychiatry, behavioral medicine, infectious diseases, endocrinology and rheumatology, who are interested in interactions between the nervous system and the immune system, and the relationship between behavior and health.

Psychonomic Society

The Psychonomic Society promotes the communication of scientific research in psychology and allied sciences. Its members are qualified to conduct and supervise scientific research, must hold the PhD degree or equivalent, and must have published significant research other than the doctoral dissertation.

Society for a Science of Clinical Psychology

The Society for a Science of Clinical Psychology (SSCP) was established in 1966. Its purpose is to affirm and continue to promote the integration of the scientist and the practitioner in training, research, and applied endeavors. Its members represent a diversity of interests and theoretical orientations across clinical psychology.

Society for Chaos Theory in Psychology & Life Sciences

The Society is an international forum that brings together researchers, theoreticians, and practitioners interested in applying dynamical systems theory, self- organization, neural nets, fractals, cellular automata, agent-based modeling, and related forms of chaos, catastrophes, bifurcations, nonlinear dynamics, and complexity theories to psychology and the life sciences.

Society for Consumer Psychology

The Society for Consumer Psychology is the premier voice to further the advancement of the discipline of consumer psychology in a global society.

Society for General Psychology

Society for General Psychology is concerned with creating coherence among psychology's diverse specialties by encouraging members to incorporate multiple perspectives from psychology's subdisciplines into their research, theory, and practice.

Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology

The Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology is a division within APA that is also an organizational affiliate of APS. The Society's mission is to enhance human well-being and performance in organizational and work settings by promoting the science, practice, and teaching of industrial-organizational psychology.

Society for Personality and Social Psychology

The Society for Personality and Social Psychology promotes scientific research that explores how people think, behave, feel, and interact.

Society for Police and Criminal Psychology

The Society for Police and Criminal Psychology is an eclectic professional organization that encourages the scientific study of police and criminal psychology and the application of scientific knowledge to problems in criminal justice.

Society for Psychological Anthropology

The Society for Psychological Anthropology (SPA) of the American Anthropological Association was founded in 1977. SPA is a broad, multidisciplinary organization of individuals interested in cultural, psychological, and social interrelations at all levels.

Society for Psychophysiological Research

Founded in 1960, the Society for Psychophysiological Research is an international scientific society with worldwide membership. The purpose of the Society is to foster research on the interrelationships between the physiological and psychological aspects of behavior.

Society for the History of Psychology

We are an international organization of scholars, teachers, and members whose interests and scholarship are concerned with understanding the historical events and important people who have shaped the development of psychological thought and practice.

Society for the Psychological Study of Culture, Ethnicity, and Race

The Society for the Psychological Study of Culture, Ethnicity, and Race: Division 45 of the American Psychological Association(APA) is the major representative body for psychologists who conduct research on ethnic minority concerns or who apply psychological knowledge and techniques to ethnic minority issues.

Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues

In various ways, SPSSI seeks to bring theory and practice into focus on human problems of the group, the community, and nations, as well as the increasingly important problems that have no national boundaries. SPSSI affords social and behavioral scientists opportunities to apply their knowledge and insights to the critical problems of today's world.

Society for the Teaching of Psychology

The Society for the Teaching of Psychology advances understanding of the discipline by promoting excellence in the teaching and learning of psychology. The Society provides resources and services, access to a collaborative community, and opportunities for professional development.

Society of Clinical Psychology

The purpose of this website is to provide information about effective treatments for psychological disorders. The website is meant for a wide audience, including the general public, practitioners, researchers, and students. Basic descriptions are provided for each psychological disorder and treatment. In addition, for each treatment, the website lists key references, clinical resources, and training opportunities.

Society of Counseling Psychology

Counseling Psychology was founded in 1946 to promote personal, educational, vocational, and group adjustment in a variety of settings.

Society of Experimental Psychologists

The Society of Experimentalists was founded by Edward Bradford Titchener in 1904. Titchener's design for his "Experimentalists" was that it be an ongoing workshop, with "members visiting labs, studying apparatus, and hearing and commenting on reports of ongoing research."

Society of Experimental Social Psychology

The Society of Experimental Social Psychology (SESP) is a scientific organization dedicated to the advancement of social psychology. One of the main ways that SESP furthers this goal is by holding an annual meeting in October of each year.

Society of Psychologists in Management

SPIM is made up of smart, congenial psychologists who work in a wide array of corporations and organizations. You'll be amazed at the concentration of expertise and talent. The Society of Psychologists in Management (SPIM) is the organization for you if you are a doctoral level psychologist interested in management and leadership and serving in management, consulting, academic or corporate positions.

American Academy of Clinical Psychology

The American Academy of Clinical Psychology is an organization of Board Certified psychologists in the specialty of Clinical Psychology who have joined together to promote high quality services in Clinical Psychology, through encouraging high standards and ethical practice in the field.

American Academy of Psychoanalysis and Dynamic Psychiatry

The American Academy of Psychoanalysis and Dynamic Psychiatry is dedicated to providing psychoanalytic and psychodynamic psychiatrists with a forum for exchanging ideas, a paradigm for leadership in advocating for psychoanalytic principles in psychiatry, and a voice for promoting psychodynamic understanding in the evaluation and treatment of psychiatric patients in medical education and residency training as well as within the American Psychiatric Association.

American Board of Forensic Psychology

The mission of the American Board of Forensic Psychology, Inc. (hereinafter referred to as the “Board”), a nonprofit corporation under the law of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is to protect the consumer of forensic psychology services.

American College of Forensic Psychology

The American College of Forensic Psychology is approved by the American Psychological Association to offer continuing education for psychologists. The American College of Forensic Psychology maintains responsibility for this program and its content.

American College of Neuropsychopharmacology

The American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ACNP), founded in 1961, is the nation's premier professional society in brain, behavior, and psychopharmacology research. The field of neuropsychopharmacology involves the evaluation of the effects of natural and synthetic compounds upon the brain, mind, and human behavior.

Association of Black Psychologists

ABPsi is devoted to advancing the profession of Black Psychology, promoting social change, and assisting Black communities and other ethnic groups.

Australian and New Zealand Association of Psychiatry, Psychology And Law

Established in the late 70's, the Australian and New Zealand Association of Psychiatry, Psychology And Law (Inc) is committed to exploring the relationship between psychiatry, psychology and the law.

Australian Psychological Society

The Australian Psychological Society (APS) is the largest professional association for psychologists in Australia. The APS is committed to advancing psychology as a discipline and profession. It spreads the message that psychologists make a difference to peoples’ lives, through improving scientific knowledge and community wellbeing.

British Association for Psychopharmacology

The BAP was founded in 1974, with the general intention of bringing together those from clinical and experimental disciplines as well as members of the pharmaceutical industry involved in the study of psychopharmacology. To this end the Association arranges scientific meetings, fosters research and teaching, encourages publication of results of research and provides guidance and information to the public on matters relevant to psychopharmacology, where appropriate...

British Psychological Society

The British Psychological Society promotes excellence and ethical practice in the science, education and practical applications of psychology.

Canadian Alliance on Mental Illness and Mental Health

The Canadian Alliance on Mental Illness and Mental Health (CAMIMH) is a non-profit organization comprised of health care providers as well as organizations which represent individuals with lived experience of mental illness.

Canadian Psychological Association

The CPA was organized in 1939 and incorporated under the Canada Corporations Act, Part II, in May 1950. Its objectives are: -To improve the health and welfare of all Canadians; -To promote excellence and innovation in psychological research, education, and practice; -To promote the advancement, development, dissemination, and application of psychological knowledge; and -To provide high-quality services to members.

Canadian Union of Professional Psychotherapists

The Mission of the Canadian Union of Professional Psychotherapists is to help Canadians live a drug-free healthier lives.

European Association of Social Psychology

EASP aims to promote excellence in European research in the field of social psychology. To this end it sets up a large variety of activities and it creates publication outlets for significant research contributions. As such it contributes to the scientific communication among European social psychologists as well as between Europe and Social Psychology in the world at large.

European College of Neuropsychopharmacology

The European College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ECNP) is a pan-European scientific association founded in 1987 to encourage innovative research across the neurosciences and to translate new knowledge on fundamental disease mechanisms into new medicines and clinical applications.

International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology

The International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology (IACCP) was founded in 1972. The aims of the Association are to facilitate communication among persons interested in a diverse range of issues involving the intersection of culture and psychology.

National Association of School Psychologists

The National Association of School Psychologists (NASP) empowers school psychologists by advancing effective practices to improve students’ learning, behavior, and mental health.

National Register of Health Service Psychologists

The National Register of Health Service Psychologists: -credentials health service psychologists; -promotes health service psychologists; -provides distinction and value to health service psychologists; -guides psychology students and early career psychologists (ECPs) toward credentialing; -enhances health service psychologists' contributions to healthcare; and -identifies qualified health service psychologists in the global community.

Society of Australasian Social Psychologists

In 1995, Social Psychologists from Australia and New Zealand voted to form the Society of Australasian Social Psychologists (SASP). The Society was formed from an informal network of social psychologists in the two countries, who had been meeting at an annual conference since 1972. One of the main aims of SASP is to facilitate contact with social psychologists in countries around the world, and this is achieved through annual meetings and regular networking via newsletters and an email bulletin board.

Society of Indian Psychologists

Psychologists and Mental Health Workers in Service to First Nations Peoples...We are concerned that the continued use of Indian symbols and mascots seriously compromises our ability to engage in ethical professional practice and service to the campus (delete campus if addressing all mascots) community.

American Art Therapy Association

The American Art Therapy Association connects you to the important work of art therapists around the world who use the creative process to help people of all ages improve their health and emotional well-being.

American Foundation for Suicide Prevention

The American Foundation for Suicide Prevention (AFSP) is the leading national not-for-profit organization exclusively dedicated to understanding and preventing suicide through research, education and advocacy, and to reaching out to people with mental disorders and those impacted by suicide.

Animal Behavior Society

The Animal Behavior Society was founded in 1964 to promote the study of animal behaviour in the broadest sense, including studies using descriptive and experimental methods under natural and controlled conditions. Current members' research activities span the invertebrates and vertebrates, both in the field and in the laboratory, and include experimental psychology, behavioural ecology, neuroscience, zoology, biology, applied ethology, and human ethology as well as many other specialized areas.

Association for Research in Personality

ARP is a scientific organization devoted to bringing together scholars whose research contributes to the understanding of personality structure, processes, and development.

Brain & Behavior Research Foundation

The Brain & Behavior Research Foundation is committed to alleviating the suffering caused by mental illness by awarding grants that will lead to advances and breakthroughs in scientific research.

British Society for Mental Health and Deafness

The British Society for Mental Health and Deafness (BSMHD) is the leading UK charity for the promotion of the positive mental health of deaf people in the UK. Mental health includes healthy emotional, psychological and social development, the prevention and treatment of mental illness and other disorders. BSMHD focuses on those whose first or preferred language is sign language. Additionally BSMHD is interested in the mental health of all deaf people, whatever the age of onset or degree of deafness.

Cambridge Center for Behavioral Studies

The Cambridge Center for Behavioral Studies is a nonprofit organization that harnesses the expertise of hundreds of behavioral scientists to solve problems in the home, school, community, and the workplace.

Canadian Mental Health Association

As a nation-wide, voluntary organization, the Canadian Mental Health Association promotes the mental health of all and supports the resilience and recovery of people experiencing mental illness. The CMHA accomplishes this mission through advocacy, education, research and service.

Centre for Cross-Cultural Research

The Centre for Cross-Cultural Research responds to the challenges of globalisation, migration and growing cultural diversity through sound theory and research. We are part of the Faculty of Psychology at Victoria University and offer postgraduate degrees in cross-cultural psychology.

Chartered Institute of Ergonomics & Human Factors

The CIEHF is a professional member organisation for ergonomists and human factors specialists, uniquely providing a route to Chartership.

Cognitive Science Society

The Cognitive Science Society, Inc. brings together researchers from many fields who hold a common goal: understanding the nature of the human mind. The Society promotes scientific interchange among researchers in disciplines comprising the field of Cognitive Science, including Artificial Intelligence, Linguistics, Anthropology, Psychology, Neuroscience, Philosophy, and Education.

College of Mental Health Pharmacy

The College of Mental Health Pharmacy (CMHP) has the overall objective of advancing education and research in the practice of mental health pharmacy. Although mainly aimed at pharmacists and pharmacy technicians, anybody can register to be an associate member of the CMHP, enjoying access to education and networking opportunities such as e groups, bulletins and the annual conference.

European Brain Council

The EBC is determined to eliminate the discrepancy between the huge impact of brain diseases and the implications of understanding normal brain function on the one hand, and the modest financial and time resources allocated to brain research, teaching and the care of brain diseases on the other.

Federation of Associations in Behavioral & Brain Sciences

FABBS is a coalition of scientific societies that share an interest in advancing the sciences of mind, brain, and behavior.

International Association for Relationship Research

The International Association for Relationship Research (IARR) is a scientific and professional organization including hundreds of scholars and practitioners focused on stimulating and supporting the scientific study of personal and social relationships.

International Society for Research on Aggression

The International Society for Research on Aggression (ISRA) is a society of scholars and scientists interested in the scientific study of aggression and violence. The Society is both international and interdisciplinary and meets every other year on alternating continents.

International Society for Self and Identity

The International Society for Self and Identity (ISSI) is a scholarly association dedicated to promoting the scientific study of the human self. The Society members come from all over the globe, representing many different academic and professional disciplines.

Jean Piaget Society

The Jean Piaget Society, established in 1970, has an international, interdisciplinary membership of scholars, teachers and researchers interested in exploring the nature of the developmental construction of human knowledge. The Society was named in honor of the Swiss developmentalist, Jean Piaget, who made major theoretical and empirical contributions to our understanding of the origins and evolution of knowledge.

Mental Health America

Mental Health America is dedicated to promoting mental health, preventing mental and substance use conditions and achieving victory over mental illnesses and addictions through advocacy, education, research and service.

Mental Health Europe

There is no Health without Mental Health! Mental health is an essential part of any citizen's health and well being. As such, it is an essential component of communities. Good mental health is a basic human right. Factors that adversely affect mental health represent a major and growing threat to economic, social and public health in the world.

Mental Health Foundation

We are committed to reducing the suffering caused by mental ill health and to help everyone lead mentally healthier lives. We help people to survive, recover from and prevent mental health problems.

Mood Disorders Society of Canada

Mood Disorders Society of Canada (MDSC) is a national, not for profit, consumer driven, voluntary health charity committed to ensuring that the voices of consumers, family members and caregivers are heard on issues relating to mental health and mental illness; and in particular with regard to depression, bipolar illness and other associated mood disorders.

North American Society of Adlerian Psychology

The North American Society of Adlerian Psychology's mission is to foster and promote the research, knowledge, training, and application of Adlerian Psychology, maintaining its principles and encouraging its growth.

Rosalynn Carter Institute for Caregiving

RCI overall goal is to support caregivers — both family and professional- through efforts of advocacy, education, research, and service.

Society for Community Research and Action

The Society for Community Research and Action - Community Psychology, Division 27 of the American Psychological Association - is an international organization devoted to advancing theory, research, and social action.

Society for Disability Studies

The Society for Disability Studies (SDS) is an international non-profit organization that promotes the study of disability in social, cultural, and political contexts. Disability Studies recognizes that disability is a key aspect of human experience, and that the study of disability has important political, social, and economic implications for society as a whole, including both disabled and nondisabled people.

Society for Judgment and Decision Making

The Society for Judgment and Decision Making is an interdisciplinary academic organization dedicated to the study of normative, descriptive, and prescriptive theories of judgments and decisions. Its members include psychologists, economists, organizational researchers, decision analysts, and other decision researchers.

Society for Neuroscience

The Society for Neuroscience is the world’s largest organization of scientists and physicians devoted to understanding the brain and nervous system.

Society for Research in Child Development

As research in human development expands, the need for coordination and integration among the disciplines grows. The Society is constantly working to facilitate such coordination and integration and to assist in the dissemination of research findings. The Society welcomes the increasing interest in child development research and seeks members who share this interest.

Society for Social Neuroscience

The mission of the society is to serve as an international, interdisciplinary, distributed gathering place to advance and foster scientific training, research, and applications in the field for the sake of humankind.

Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality

The Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality (SSSS) is dedicated to advancing knowledge of sexuality and communicating scientifically-based sexuality research and scholarship to professionals, policy makers, and the general public. SSSS fosters a worldwide community of diverse professionals committed to a scholarly and scientific approach to acquiring and disseminating accurate knowledge of sexuality.

Society for the Study of Ingestive Behavior

The Society for the Study of Ingestive Behavior (SSIB) is an organization committed to advancing scientific research on food and fluid intake and its associated biological, psychological and social processes. The Society provides a multidisciplinary environment for the free exchange of ideas and information, and serves as a resource for scientific expertise and education on topics related to the study of ingestive behavior.

Society for the Study of Motivation

The Society for the Study of Motivation is an international, interdisciplinary organization of researchers who study motivation. Its mission is to encourage inquiry into all aspects of motivation from a variety of disciplines and perspectives, and to facilitate the dissemination of findings to a broad scientific audience.

Society of Behavioral Medicine

The Whole is Greater than the Sum of Its Parts That's the perfect metaphor for the Society of Behavioral Medicine, a multidisciplinary, non-profit organization founded in 1978. Each part, each discipline, can stand alone. But together - when nursing, psychology, medicine and public health form an interdisciplinary team - new perspectives emerge on human behavior, health and illness.

The International Marcé Society

Dedicated to supporting research and assistance surrounding prenatal & postpartum mental health for mothers, fathers and their babies. The principal aim of the Society is to promote, facilitate and communicate about research into all aspects of the mental health of women, their infants and partners around the time of childbirth. This involves a broad range of research activities ranging from basic science through to health services research.