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Congested: A Clinical Presentation of the Inferior Caval Vein Syndrome

IVCS is less common than its superior caval vein counterpart and its true incidence has never been reported, potentially leading to underrecognition of this syndrome. The etiology of IVCS depends on the location of blood flow interruption and can roughly be divided into intraluminal obstructive and external compressive causes. Intraluminal obstruction may be caused by a primary thrombotic event, while external IVC compression is usually the consequence of malignant growth of nearby organs. Another well-known risk factor is pregnancy, during which the distended uterus may progressively compress the IVC. In addition, prior abdominal surgery, obesity, and presence of congenital malformations such…

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 Research Finds the Main Cause of Inferior Vena Cava Thrombosis

In the absence of a congenital anomaly, the main cause of inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombosis is the presence of an unretrieved IVC filter, researchers report.

Articles of Interest

Aortocaval Compression Syndrome

Aortocaval compression syndrome is also known as a supine hypotensive syndrome. It typically occurs in pregnant females, usually after 20 weeks of gestation, when the patient is in the supine position. Blood flow from the lower extremities back to the maternal heart and central circulation is impeded due to the uterus compressing the inferior vena cava and aorta.

Does Left Lateral Tilt Effectively Treat Supine Hypotensive Syndrome?

Maternal cardiovascular compromise and fetal hypoxia are well recognized side effects of supine positioning in advanced pregnancy. Supine hypotensive syndrome (SHS) is a clinical diagnosis loosely defined as a clinically significant decrease in maternal cardiac output due to presumed compression of the inferior vena cava and aorta by the gravid uterus within a few minutes (3-10 minutes) of assuming the supine position. SHS can be rapidly reversed with decompression of the great vessels.

Inferior Vena Cava Syndrome: A Rare Complication

Inferior vena cava syndrome (IVCS) is rare and often difficult to diagnose because of its rarity and consequent low suspicion. It is usually suggested by the presence of bilateral oedema and more rarely by low back pain; it may mimic a lumbar hernia and even cauda equina syndrome

Inferior vena cava web

Inferior vena cava (IVC) webs are an uncommon condition characterized by obstruction of the hepatic segment of the inferior vena cava by a membrane or fibrous band. This is often associated with occlusion of one or more of the hepatic veins.

Inferior vena cava-syndrome

Inferior vena cava syndrome (IVCS) is caused by agenesis, compression, invasion, or thrombosis of the IVC, or may be associated with Budd-Chiari syndrome. Its incidence and prevalence are unknown. Benign IVCS is separated from malignant IVCS. Both cover a wide clinical spectrum reaching from asymptomatic to highly symptomatic cases correlated to the underlying cause, the acuity, the extent of the venous obstruction, and the recruitment and development of venous collateral circuits.

Inferior Vena Cava: Chronic Total Occlusion

Isolated chronic inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombosis is an underreported entity of varied etiology with ambiguous presentations.

Inferior Vena Caval Thrombosis

Inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombosis is a disease associated with high morbidity. Although the condition is considered rare, case reports have shown that IVC thromboses may be underdiagnosed. For example, most commonly, pulmonary emboli are thought to arise from a lower extremity deep venous thrombosis. This activity describes the cause and presentation of inferior vena cava thrombosis and highlights the role of the interprofessional team in its management.

Supine hypotensive syndrome

Supine hypotensive syndrome is characterized by severe supine symptoms and hypotension in late pregnancy, which compel the unconstrained subject to change position. Rarely, it may manifest even from the fifth month of pregnancy or postpartum, as well as in the pelvic tilt or sitting positions. Although inferior vena cava compression, influenced primarily by the size of the uterus and exact maternal and fetal position, is the major determinant in its development, other factors may also be important in modulating the circulatory effects of such compression.

Resources

StatPearls

Inferior vena cava syndrome (IVCS) is caused by physical invasion or compression by a pathological process or by thrombosis within the vein itself. This activity reviews the evaluation and management of inferior vena cava syndrome and highlights the role of the interprofessional team in evaluating and improving care for patients with this condition.